SSC MTS PYQ : 07 oct 2024 shift 1 (GK)

Q1) āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύ āϰাāϜ্āϝ āχāύ্āĻĻিāϰা āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āύāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāĻ­োāĻ—ী āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে?
Which of the following states had benefitted by the Indira Gandhi Canal?
  • a) āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻĨাāύ \ Rajasthan
  • b) āωāϤ্āϤāϰāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļ \ Uttar Pradesh
  • c) āĻ—ুāϜāϰাāϟ \ Gujarat
  • d) āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļ \ Madhya Pradesh
Answer: a) āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻĨাāύ \ Rajasthan
  • āχāύ্āĻĻিāϰা āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āĻ–াāϞ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āĻ–াāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒ āϝা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻĨাāύেāϰ āĻļুāώ্āĻ• āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়-āĻļুāώ্āĻ• āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āϏেāϚ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The Indira Gandhi Canal is a massive canal project in India that primarily serves the arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan.
  • āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻšāϞ āĻĨāϰ āĻŽāϰুāĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•ে āϏেāϚেāϰ āϜāϞ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻ•āϰা, āϝাāϰ āĻĢāϞে āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āĻ…āύুāϰ্āĻŦāϰ āĻ­ূāĻŽি āωāϰ্āĻŦāϰ āĻ•ৃāώিāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰিāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
  • Its main purpose is to provide irrigation water to the Thar Desert, transforming vast stretches of barren land into fertile agricultural areas.
  • āĻāχ āĻ–াāϞāϟি āĻĒাāĻž্āϜাāĻŦে āϏāϤāϞāϜ āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻĒাāĻļা āύāĻĻীāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŽāϏ্āĻĨāϞে āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻšāϰিāĻ•া āĻŦ্āϝাāϰেāϜ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϜāϞ āĻĒাāϝ়।
  • The canal gets its water from the Harike Barrage at the confluence of the Sutlej and Beas rivers in Punjab.
  • āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāϟি āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ–াāϞ āύাāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ āĻāĻŦং ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ē āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϤāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰী āχāύ্āĻĻিāϰা āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύে āĻāϰ āύাāĻŽāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়।
  • The project was formerly known as the Rajasthan Canal and was renamed in 1984 in honor of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
  • āĻāϟি āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āĻ•ৃāώি āϜāĻŽিāϤেāχ āϜāϞ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻ•āϰে āύা, āĻŦāϰং āĻĒাāύীāϝ় āϜāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāϜāύ āĻŽেāϟাāϤেāĻ“ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻāχ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻ­াāϰāϏাāĻŽ্āϝ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύেāĻ“ āϏāĻšাāϝ়āϤা āĻ•āϰে।
  • It not only provides water for agriculture but also helps meet the drinking water needs and contributes to the ecological balance of the region.
  • Q2) āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ­াāϰāϤে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিāϰ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻļৈāϞী āĻ•োāύāϟি?
    Which of the following is the style of temple architecture that is widely favoured in northern India?
    • a) āĻŦিāĻšাāϰ \ Vihar
    • b) āĻŽāĻĻāĻĒ \ Madapa
    • c) āύāĻ—āϰ \ Nagar
    • d) āĻĻ্āϰাāĻŦিāĻĄ \ Dravid
    Answer: c) āύāĻ—āϰ \ Nagar
  • āύāĻ—āϰ āĻļৈāϞী āĻšāϞ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিāϰ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϏূāϚāĻ• āĻļৈāϞী āϝা āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ­াāϰāϤে āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļ āϞাāĻ­ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞ।
  • The Nagara style is the characteristic style of temple architecture that flourished in northern India.
  • āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŽৌāϚাāĻ•েāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻŦāĻ•্āϰāϰেāĻ–াāĻŦিāĻļিāώ্āϟ āϚূ⧜া, āϝা āĻļিāĻ–āϰ āύাāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻŽূāϞ āĻ—āϰ্āĻ­āĻ—ৃāĻšেāϰ (garbhagriha) āωāĻĒāϰে āύিāϰ্āĻŽিāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • Its key feature is a beehive-like curvilinear tower known as the shikhara, which is built over the main sanctuary (garbhagriha).
  • āĻ—āϰ্āĻ­āĻ—ৃāĻš āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϚাāϰāĻĻিāĻ•ে āϚাāϰāϟি āĻŽāύ্āĻĄāĻĒ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāώ্āϟিāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϝা āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϧāϰ্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • The sanctum is usually surrounded by four mandapas that serve various religious functions.
  • āĻāχ āĻļৈāϞীāϤে āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিāϰ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āωঁāϚু āĻŽāĻž্āϚেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ•āϞāĻļ āĻŦা āφāĻŽāϞāĻ• āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
  • In this style, temples are often built on a raised platform and feature a kalasha or amalaka at the very top.
  • āĻĻāĻ•্āώিāĻŖেāϰ āĻĻ্āϰাāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻļৈāϞীāϰ āĻŽāϤো, āύāĻ—āϰ āĻļৈāϞীāϤে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ•োāύো āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āĻĒ্āϰাāϚীāϰ āĻĨাāĻ•ে āύা।
  • Unlike the Dravida style of the south, the Nagara style typically lacks an elaborate boundary wall.
  • āύāĻ—āϰ āĻļৈāϞীāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϰāϝ়েāĻ›ে āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻ–াāϜুāϰাāĻšো āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিāϰāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻāĻŦং āĻ“āĻĄ়িāĻļাāϰ āĻ•োāύাāϰāĻ•েāϰ āϏূāϰ্āϝ āĻŽāύ্āĻĻিāϰ।
  • Famous examples of Nagara temples include the Khajuraho Group of Monuments in Madhya Pradesh and the Sun Temple at Konark in Odisha.
  • Q3) ‘My Country My Life’ āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āφāϤ্āĻŽāϜীāĻŦāύী?
    'My Country My Life' is the autobiography of:
    • a) āĻ–ুāĻļāĻŦāύ্āϤ āϏিং \ Khushwant Singh
    • b) āĻŽāύāĻŽোāĻšāύ āϏিং \ Manmohan Singh
    • c) āύāϟāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āϏিং \ Natwar Singh
    • d) āϞাāϞ āĻ•ৃāώ্āĻŖ āφāĻĄāĻŦাāĻŖী \ Lal Krishna Advani
    Answer: d) āϞাāϞ āĻ•ৃāώ্āĻŖ āφāĻĄāĻŦাāĻŖী \ Lal Krishna Advani
  • ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ, 'My Country My Life' āĻšāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦীāĻŖ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϰাāϜāύীāϤিāĻŦিāĻĻ āϞাāϞ āĻ•ৃāώ্āĻŖ āφāĻĄāĻŦাāĻŖী-āĻāϰ āφāϤ্āĻŽāϜীāĻŦāύী।
  • Published in 2008, 'My Country My Life' is the autobiography of veteran Indian politician Lal Krishna Advani.
  • āĻŦāχāϟি āĻ•āϰাāϚিāϤে āĻāĻ• āĻŦাāϞāĻ• āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦāĻļাāϞী āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻ“āĻ াāϰ āϤাঁāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰাāĻĒāĻĨ āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ•āϰে।
  • The book details his journey from a young boy in Karachi to one of the most influential figures in Indian politics.
  • āĻāϟি āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­াāϜāύ, āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϜāύāϤা āĻĒাāϰ্āϟি (āĻŦিāϜেāĻĒি)-āĻāϰ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻāĻŦং āĻ­াāϰāϤে āĻšিāύ্āĻĻুāϤ্āĻŦ āϰাāϜāύীāϤিāϰ āωāϤ্āĻĨাāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…āύāύ্āϝ āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ•োāĻŖ āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে।
  • It provides a unique perspective on the partition of India, the formation of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and the rise of Hindutva politics in India.
  • āĻŦāχāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻĻāϞিāϞ āϝা āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āχāϤিāĻšাāϏেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The book is a significant historical document that offers insights into a pivotal era of modern Indian history.
  • āφāĻĄāĻŦাāĻŖী āĻāχ āĻŦāχāϤে āϤাāϰ āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ, āĻŦিāϤāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āϘāϟāύা āĻāĻŦং āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϤাāϰ āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—ি āύিāϝ়ে āφāϞোāϚāύা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।
  • In the book, Advani discusses his political beliefs, controversial events, and his vision for India's future.
  • Q4) āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ় āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻš āĻ“ āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύিāϤে āϜāĻŽা āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ—্āϰাāĻŽেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϤ, āϜāĻŽিāĻĻাāϰāĻ•ে āύāϝ়?
    In which of the following systems was the charge of collecting the revenue and paying it to the Company given to the village headman, rather than the zamindar?
    • a) āĻŽāĻšāϞāĻ“āϝ়াāϰী \ Mahalwari
    • b) āχāĻ•্āϤাāĻĻাāϰি \ Iqtadari
    • c) āϜāĻŽিāĻĻাāϰি \ Zamindari
    • d) āϰাāϝ়āϤ্āĻŦাāϰি \ Ryotwari
    Answer: a) āĻŽāĻšāϞāĻ“āϝ়াāϰী \ Mahalwari
  • āĻŽāĻšāϞāĻ“āϝ়াāϰী āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ›িāϞ āĻŦ্āϰিāϟিāĻļāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা ā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§¨ āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āύীāϤি।
  • The Mahalwari system was a land revenue policy introduced by the British in 1822.
  • āĻāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ“ āĻŽāϧ্āϝ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ, āϝাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ-āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽ āϏীāĻŽাāύ্āϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļ āĻāĻŦং āφāĻ—্āϰা āĻĒ্āϰেāϏিāĻĄেāύ্āϏি āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ›িāϞ।
  • It was primarily implemented in parts of northern and central India, including the North-West Frontier Province and the Agra Presidency.
  • āĻāχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻ…āϧীāύে, āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āĻ•ৃāώāĻ• āĻŦা āϜāĻŽিāĻĻাāϰāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āύা āύিāϝ়ে āĻĒুāϰো āĻ—্āϰাāĻŽ āχāωāύিāϟ āĻŦা āĻŽāĻšāϞ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϤ।
  • Under this system, the land revenue was collected from the entire village unit, or mahal, rather than from individual peasants or zamindars.
  • āĻ—্āϰাāĻŽেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ (āϞুāĻŽ্āĻŦাāϰāĻĻাāϰ) āĻ—্āϰাāĻŽেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āĻ•ৃāώāĻ•েāϰ āĻ•াāĻ› āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦ āϏংāĻ—্āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰে āĻŦ্āϰিāϟিāĻļ āχāϏ্āϟ āχāύ্āĻĄিāϝ়া āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύিāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĻাāϝ়ী āĻ›িāϞ।
  • The village headman (Lumbardar) was responsible for collecting the revenue from all the farmers in the village and paying it to the British East India Company.
  • āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āϝা āϚিāϰāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী āĻŦāύ্āĻĻোāĻŦāϏ্āϤ (Zamindari System) āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϝ়āϤāĻ“āϝ়াāϰী āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ (Ryotwari System) āϤ্āϰুāϟিāĻ—ুāϞি āĻĻূāϰ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।
  • It was an intermediate system introduced to address the shortcomings of both the Permanent Settlement (Zamindari System) and the Ryotwari System.
  • āϰাāϜāϏ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āϏাāĻŽāϝ়িāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ, āϝা āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়āĻ•্āϰāĻŽে āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ“ āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻ•āϰা āϝেāϤ।
  • The amount of revenue was fixed for a temporary period and was subject to periodic review and revision.
  • Q5) āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি ā§Ģāχ āĻŽাāϰ্āϚ ā§§ā§¯ā§Šā§§ āϤাāϰিāĻ–ে āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āχāϰāĻ­িāύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    Who among the following signed a pact with Lord Irwin on March 5, 1931?
    • a) āĻŦি āφāϰ āφāĻŽ্āĻŦেāĻĻāĻ•āϰ \ B R Ambedkar
    • b) āϏুāĻ­াāώ āϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŦোāϏ \ Subhas Chandra Bose
    • c) āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧী \ Mahatma Gandhi
    • d) āϜāĻ“āĻšāϰāϞাāϞ āύেāĻšāϰু \ Jawaharlal Nehru
    Answer: c) āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧী \ Mahatma Gandhi
  • ā§§ā§¯ā§Šā§§ āϏাāϞেāϰ ā§Ģāχ āĻŽাāϰ্āϚ, āĻŽāĻšাāϤ্āĻŽা āĻ—াāύ্āϧী āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻ•াāϞীāύ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ­াāχāϏāϰāϝ় āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āχāϰāĻ­িāύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • On March 5, 1931, Mahatma Gandhi signed a political agreement with the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin.
  • āĻāχ āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻ—াāύ্āϧী-āχāϰāωāχāύ āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āύাāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āφāχāύ āĻ…āĻŽাāύ্āϝ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϤি āϚিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The pact, known as the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, marked the end of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
  • āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻ…āύুāϝাāϝ়ী, āĻŦ্āϰিāϟিāĻļ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦāύ্āĻĻীāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻিāϤে āĻāĻŦং āϞāĻŦāĻŖ āϤৈāϰিāϰ āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াāϰ āĻĢিāϰিāϝ়ে āĻĻিāϤে āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • As per the agreement, the British government agreed to release political prisoners and restore the right to make salt.
  • āĻāϰ āĻŦিāύিāĻŽāϝ়ে āĻ—াāύ্āϧীāϜি āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āĻ—োāϞāϟেāĻŦিāϞ āĻŦৈāĻ āĻ•ে āϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāϤে āĻāĻŦং āφāχāύ āĻ…āĻŽাāύ্āϝ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϰাāϜি āĻšāύ।
  • In return, Gandhi agreed to participate in the Second Round Table Conference and discontinue the Civil Disobedience Movement.
  • āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻ•ংāĻ—্āϰেāϏেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦিāϤāϰ্āĻ• āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞ, āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āĻļāϰ্āϤাāĻŦāϞী āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤা āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āĻ›িāϞ āύা।
  • The pact caused controversy within the Congress, as its terms were not deemed sufficient for achieving independence.
  • āϝাāχāĻšোāĻ•, āĻāχ āϚুāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϜাāϤীāϝ় āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦ্āϰিāϟিāĻļ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ—েāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŽুāĻšূāϰ্āϤ āĻ›িāϞ।
  • Nevertheless, the pact was a significant moment in communication between the Indian nationalist movement and the British government.
  • Q6) āύāĻĻী āϤাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻĒāĻĨে āĻ•োāύ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻ­ূāĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϏāĻ•্āώāĻŽ?
    A river is capable of forming which of the following landscapes when the river is in its middle course?
    • a) āĻāϰ্āĻŖা \ Waterfalls
    • b) āĻĄেāϞ্āϟা \ A delta
    • c) āĻ­ি āφāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āωāĻĒāϤ্āϝāĻ•া \ V shaped valley
    • d) āĻŦাঁāĻ• \ A meander
    Answer: d) āĻŦাঁāĻ• \ A meander
  • āύāĻĻী āϤাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻ—āϤিāĻĒāĻĨে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›াāϞে āĻāϰ āĻĸাāϞ āĻ•āĻŽে āϝাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϜāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻšেāϰ āĻšাāϰ āĻš্āϰাāϏ āĻĒাāϝ়।
  • When a river reaches its middle course, its gradient becomes gentler and the water's flow rate decreases.
  • āĻāχ āĻĒāϰ্āϝা⧟ে āύāĻĻীāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ•াāϜ āĻšāϞ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻļ্āĻŦীāϝ় āĻ•্āώ⧟ (lateral erosion) āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻž্āϚāϝ় (deposition)।
  • At this stage, the river's main work is a combination of lateral erosion and deposition.
  • āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞে āύāĻĻীāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āφঁāĻ•াāĻŦাঁāĻ•া āĻĒāĻĨ āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়, āϝাāĻ•ে āĻŦাঁāĻ• (meander) āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়।
  • This leads to the development of a sinuous, winding path known as a meander.
  • āĻŦাঁāĻ•েāϰ āĻ­িāϤāϰেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϜāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻš āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĨাāĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒāϞি āϜāĻŽা āĻšāϝ়, āφāϰ āĻŦাāχāϰেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϜāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻš āĻŦেāĻļি āĻĨাāĻ•াāϝ় āĻ•্āώ⧟ āĻšāϝ়।
  • On the inner side of the meander, deposition occurs due to slower flow, while erosion happens on the outer side where the flow is faster.
  • āϝāĻĻি āĻāχ āĻŦাঁāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞি āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›িāύ্āύ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ়, āϤāĻŦে āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞে āĻ…āĻ•্āϏ-āĻŦো āĻš্āϰāĻĻ (oxbow lake) āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • If these meanders get cut off from the main river channel, they can form oxbow lakes.
  • āĻ­ি-āφāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āωāĻĒāϤ্āϝāĻ•া āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āύāĻĻীāϰ āωāϚ্āϚ āĻ—āϤিāĻĒāĻĨে āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āφāϰ āĻŦāĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻŦা āĻĄেāϞ্āϟা āύিāĻŽ্āύ āĻ—āϤিāĻĒāĻĨে āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • V-shaped valleys are typical of the upper course, while deltas are formed in the lower course.
  • Q7) āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύ āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞা āĻšিāĻŽাāϞāϝ়েāϰ āĻ…ংāĻļ?
    Which of the following mountain peaks is a part of the Himalayas?
    • a) āĻ•াāĻŽেāϟ \ Kamet
    • b) āϧুāĻĒāĻ—āĻĄ় \ Dhupgarh
    • c) āĻ•াāϞāϏুāĻŦাāχ \ Kalsubai
    • d) āϤাāϰাāĻŽাāϟি \ Taramati
    Answer: a) āĻ•াāĻŽেāϟ \ Kamet
  • āĻŽাāωāύ্āϟ āĻ•াāĻŽেāϟ, ā§­,ā§­ā§Ģā§Ŧ āĻŽিāϟাāϰ āωāϚ্āϚāϤা āĻŦিāĻļিāώ্āϟ, āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰাāĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄেāϰ āĻ—āĻĄ়āĻ“āϝ়াāϞ āĻšিāĻŽাāϞāϝ়েāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāĻļিāώ্āϟ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ—।
  • Mount Kamet, with an elevation of 7,756 meters, is a prominent peak in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand, India.
  • āĻāϟি āĻšিāĻŽাāϞāϝ় āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞাāϰ āϜাāϏāĻ•াāϰ āϰেāĻž্āϜেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…ংāĻļ।
  • It is part of the Zanskar Range of the Himalayas.
  • āĻāχ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ—āϟি āϤিāĻŦ্āĻŦāϤ āϏীāĻŽাāύ্āϤেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦোāϚ্āϚ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ—āĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ।
  • The peak is located near the Tibetan border and is one of the highest peaks in India.
  • āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāĻ—ুāϞি āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦāϤāĻļ্āϰেāĻŖীāϰ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ—।
  • The other options are peaks found in different mountain ranges within India.
  • āϧুāĻĒāĻ—āĻĄ় āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āϏাāϤāĻĒুāϰা āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞাāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦোāϚ্āϚ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ—।
  • Dhupgarh is the highest peak in the Satpura Range in Madhya Pradesh.
  • āĻ•াāϞāϏুāĻŦাāχ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰাāĻŽাāϟি āĻŽāĻšাāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰেāϰ āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽāϘাāϟ āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦāϤāĻŽাāϞাāϝ় āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ।
  • Kalsubai and Taramati are located in the Western Ghats in Maharashtra.
  • Q8) āύিāĻŽ্āύāϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ•োāύāϟি āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āύাāĻ—āϰিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝেāϰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞোāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āύāϝ়?
    Which of the following is NOT related to goals of Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizens?
    • a) āϏংāϰāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা \ Preserve
    • b) āφāĻĻāϰ āĻ•āϰা \ Cherish
    • c) āϏাāĻšāϏ \ Courage
    • d) āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύ \ Respect
    Answer: c) āϏাāĻšāϏ \ Courage
  • āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻšāϞ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύেāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āϟ IVA-āϤে āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦাāϧ্āϝāĻŦাāϧāĻ•āϤাāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏেāϟ।
  • The Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations enshrined in Part IVA of the Indian Constitution.
  • āĻāĻ—ুāϞি ⧧⧝⧭ā§Ŧ āϏাāϞে ā§Ē⧍āϤāĻŽ āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ āϏংāĻļোāϧāύী āφāχāύ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝোāĻ— āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।
  • They were added in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act.
  • āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻšāϞ āύাāĻ—āϰিāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĻেāĻļāĻĒ্āϰেāĻŽ, āϐāĻ•্āϝ āĻāĻŦং āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦāĻŦোāϧ āĻĒ্āϰāϚাāϰ āĻ•āϰা।
  • The goals of the Fundamental Duties are to promote a sense of patriotism, unity, and social responsibility among citizens.
  • āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϰāϝ়েāĻ›ে āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύ āĻ•āϰা, āĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧ āϏাংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϐāϤিāĻš্āϝāĻ•ে āϞাāϞāύ (cherish) āĻ“ āϏংāϰāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা, āĻāĻŦং āĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āϏাāϰ্āĻŦāĻ­ৌāĻŽāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāϤা āϰāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰা।
  • They include goals such as respecting the Constitution, cherishing and preserving the rich cultural heritage of the country, and upholding the sovereignty and integrity of the nation.
  • 'āϏাāĻšāϏ' āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāϟি āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝāĻ•্āώ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াāĻŦে āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়āύি, āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻāχ āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞি āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϏাāĻšāϏ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāϜāύ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
  • The word 'courage' is not explicitly mentioned as one of the direct goals of the Fundamental Duties, although courage may be required to uphold these duties.
  • āĻāχ āĻ•āϰ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞি āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§ŽāϝোāĻ—্āϝ āύāϝ়, āϤāĻŦে āφāĻĻাāϞāϤ āĻāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āφāχāύি āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝাāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
  • These duties are not legally enforceable, but courts can use them in legal interpretations.
  • Q9) ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞে āωāχāĻŽেāύ্āϏ āĻāĻļিāϝ়াāύ āĻšāĻ•ি āϚ্āϝাāĻŽ্āĻĒিāϝ়āύāϏ āϟ্āϰāĻĢি āĻ•ে āϜিāϤেāĻ›ে?
    Which team won the Women's Asian Hockey Champions Trophy in 2023?
    • a) āĻŽাāϞāϝ়েāĻļিāϝ়া \ Malaysia
    • b) āĻ­াāϰāϤ \ India
    • c) āϜাāĻĒাāύ \ Japan
    • d) āĻĻāĻ•্āώিāĻŖ āĻ•োāϰিāϝ়া \ South Korea
    Answer: b) āĻ­াāϰāϤ \ India
  • ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞেāϰ āωāχāĻŽেāύ্āϏ āĻāĻļিāϝ়াāύ āĻšāĻ•ি āϚ্āϝাāĻŽ্āĻĒিāϝ়āύ্āϏ āϟ্āϰāĻĢি āϜিāϤেāĻ›ে āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻšāĻ•ি āĻĻāϞ।
  • The Indian women's hockey team won the Women's Asian Hockey Champions Trophy in 2023.
  • āĻĢাāχāύাāϞে āϤাāϰা āϜাāĻĒাāύāĻ•ে ā§Ē-ā§Ļ āĻ—োāϞে āĻĒāϰাāϜিāϤ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞ।
  • They defeated Japan by a score of 4-0 in the final match.
  • āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟāϟি āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϰাঁāϚিāϤে āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻāχ āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟেāϰ āχāϤিāĻšাāϏে āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āĻļিāϰোāĻĒা।
  • The tournament was held in Ranchi, India, and this was India's second title in the history of the event.
  • āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ…āϧিāύাāϝ়āĻ• āĻ›িāϞেāύ āϏāĻŦিāϤা āĻĒুāύিāϝ়া।
  • The Indian team was captained by Savita Punia.
  • āĻāχ āϜāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻĻāϞ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ē āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϝাāϰিāϏ āĻ…āϞিāĻŽ্āĻĒিāĻ•েāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϝোāĻ—্āϝāϤা āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে।
  • The victory helped the Indian team qualify for the 2024 Paris Olympics.
  • Q10) āϏ āφāĻŦ্āĻĻুāϞ āύাāϜিāϰ āĻ•ে āĻĢেāĻŦ্āϰুāϝ়াāϰি ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š-āĻ āĻ—āĻ­āϰ্āύāϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āύিāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ?
    S Abdul Nazeer was appointed as the Governor of _______ in February 2023.
    • a) āĻ•েāϰাāϞা \ Kerala
    • b) āĻŽāĻšাāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰ \ Maharashtra
    • c) āĻ…āύ্āϧ্āϰāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļ \ Andhra Pradesh
    • d) āĻ—োāϝ়া \ Goa
    Answer: c) āĻ…āύ্āϧ্āϰāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļ \ Andhra Pradesh
  • ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻĢেāĻŦ্āϰুāϝ়াāϰিāϤে, āϏুāĻĒ্āϰিāĻŽ āĻ•োāϰ্āϟেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϤāύ āĻŦিāϚাāϰāĻĒāϤি āĻāϏ. āφāĻŦ্āĻĻুāϞ āύাāϜিāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϧ্āϰāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ ⧍ā§ĒāϤāĻŽ āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻĒাāϞ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āύিāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻšāύ।
  • In February 2023, former Supreme Court judge Justice S. Abdul Nazeer was appointed as the 24th Governor of Andhra Pradesh.
  • āϤিāύি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻ­ূāώāĻŖ āĻšāϰিāϚāύ্āĻĻāύেāϰ āϏ্āĻĨāϞাāĻ­িāώিāĻ•্āϤ āĻšāϝ়ে ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞেāϰ ⧍ā§ĒāĻļে āĻĢেāĻŦ্āϰুāϝ়াāϰি āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • He took office on February 24, 2023, succeeding Biswabhusan Harichandan.
  • āĻŦিāϚাāϰāĻĒāϤি āύাāϜিāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§­ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϏাāϞ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϏুāĻĒ্āϰিāĻŽ āĻ•োāϰ্āϟেāϰ āĻŦিāϚাāϰāĻĒāϤি āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Justice Nazeer had previously served as a judge of the Supreme Court of India from 2017 to 2023.
  • āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻĒাāϞ āĻšāϞেāύ āϰাāϜ্āϝেāϰ āϏাংāĻŦিāϧাāύিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧি āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • The Governor is the constitutional head of the state and acts as a representative of the central government.
  • āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻĒāϤি āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻĒাāϞāĻ•ে āύিāϝ়োāĻ— āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•াāϞ ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻšāϝ়।
  • The Governor is appointed by the President of India and holds office for a term of five years.
  • Q11) ⧍ āĻĢেāĻŦ্āϰুāϝ়াāϰি ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ē-āĻ 'āĻĒিāϰাāĻĒ্āĻĒোāĻ•্āĻ•ুāĻŽ āĻāϞ্āϞা āϊāχāϰ্āĻ•ুāĻŽ' (āϏāĻŦাāχ āϏāĻŽাāύ āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻ—āϤāĻ­াāĻŦে) āϏ্āϞোāĻ—াāύ āύিāϝ়ে āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄ়ু āĻ“ āĻĒুāĻĻুāϚেāϰিāϤে āϤাāĻŽিāϞাāĻ—া āĻŦেāϤ্āϰি āĻ•াāĻাāĻ—āĻŽ (TVK) āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĻāϞ āĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ া āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    Which Tamil superstar founded the Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK) political party in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry on 2 February 2024 with the slogan 'Pirappokkum Ellaa Uyirkkum' (All are equal by birth)?
    • a) āĻŦিāϜāϝ় \ Vijay
    • b) āĻ•āĻŽāϞ āĻšাāϏাāύ \ Kamal Haasan
    • c) āϰāϜāύীāĻ•াāύ্āϤ \ Rajinikanth
    • d) āϧāύুāώ \ Dhanush
    Answer: a) āĻŦিāϜāϝ় \ Vijay
  • āϤাāĻŽিāϞ āϏুāĻĒাāϰāϏ্āϟাāϰ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āφāύুāώ্āĻ াāύিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āϤাāϰ āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĻāϞ, āϤাāĻŽিāϞাāĻ—া āĻ­েāϤ্āϰি āĻ•াāĻাāĻ—āĻŽ (TVK), ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ē āϏাāϞেāϰ ⧍āϰা āĻĢেāĻŦ্āϰুāϝ়াāϰি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ া āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • Tamil superstar Vijay officially launched his political party, Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK), on February 2, 2024.
  • āĻĻāϞāϟিāϰ āϏ্āϞোāĻ—াāύ, 'āĻĒিāϰাāĻĒ্āĻĒোāĻ•্āĻ•ুāĻŽ āĻāϞ্āϞা āϊāχāϰ্āĻ•ুāĻŽ', āϤাāĻŽিāϞ āϧ্āϰুāĻĒāĻĻী āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āϤিāϰুāĻ•্āĻ•ুāϰাāϞ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āύেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāĻ•্āϤি।
  • The party's slogan, 'Pirappokkum Ellaa Uyirkkum', is a quote from the Tamil classic Thirukkural.
  • āϏ্āϞোāĻ—াāύāϟিāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ "āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻ—āϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŦাāχ āϏāĻŽাāύ", āϝা āĻĻāϞেāϰ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϤাāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āύীāϤিāĻ•ে āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে।
  • The slogan translates to "All are equal by birth," emphasizing the party's core principle of social equality.
  • āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ āϝে āϤিāύি ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧ āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻŦিāϧাāύāϏāĻ­া āύিāϰ্āĻŦাāϚāύে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻ্āĻŦāύ্āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤা āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āĻĻāϞেāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āĻšāĻŦে āĻĻুāϰ্āύীāϤিāĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļাāϏāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ া āĻ•āϰা।
  • Vijay announced that he would contest the 2026 Assembly elections and that his party's main goal would be to establish a corruption-free administration.
  • āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āϤাāϰ āĻĢ্āϝাāύ āĻ•্āϞাāĻŦ 'āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻŽāĻ•্āĻ•āϞ āφāχāϝ়াāĻ•্āĻ•াāĻŽ' (Vijay Makkal Iyakkam) āĻāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāĻ•াāĻŖ্āĻĄে āϜāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Vijay had previously been involved in social and political activities through his fan club, 'Vijay Makkal Iyakkami'.
  • Q12) āϞাāχāϏোāϏোāĻŽেāϰ āĻ­েāϤāϰেāϰ āĻšāϜāĻŽāĻ•াāϰী āĻāύāϜাāχāĻŽāĻ—ুāϞো āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰে:
    The digestive enzymes inside lysosomes are made by:
    • a) āϰাāĻĢ āĻāύ্āĻĄোāĻĒ্āϞাāϜāĻŽিāĻ• āϰেāϟিāĻ•ুāϞাāĻŽ \ rough endoplasmic reticulum
    • b) āĻĒ্āϞাāϏ্āϟিāĻĄ āύিāϜেāχ \ plastids themselves
    • c) āĻ—োāϞāϜি āϝāύ্āϤ্āϰ \ Golgi apparatus
    • d) āĻŽাāχāϟোāĻ•āύ্āĻĄ্āϰিāϝ়া \ mitochondria
    Answer: a) āϰাāĻĢ āĻāύ্āĻĄোāĻĒ্āϞাāϜāĻŽিāĻ• āϰেāϟিāĻ•ুāϞাāĻŽ \ rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • āϞাāχāϏোāϏোāĻŽ āĻšāϞ āĻ•োāώীāϝ় āĻ…āĻ™্āĻ—াāĻŖু āϝা āĻŦāϰ্āϜ্āϝ āĻĒāĻĻাāϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•োāώীāϝ় āϧ্āĻŦংāϏাāĻŦāĻļেāώ āĻ­াāĻ™াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒāϰিāĻĒাāĻ•āĻ•াāϰী āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏেāϚāĻ• āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে।
  • Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.
  • āĻāχ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏেāϚāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞি āϰাāχāĻŦোāϏোāĻŽ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏংāĻļ্āϞেāώিāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āϰাāĻĢ āĻāύ্āĻĄোāĻĒ্āϞাāϜāĻŽিāĻ• āϰেāϟিāĻ•ুāϞাāĻŽেāϰ (RER) āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ ে āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
  • These enzymes are synthesized by ribosomes attached to the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).
  • RER-āĻ āϏংāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒāϰ, āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏেāϚāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞি āĻĒ্āϝাāĻ•েāϜ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤিāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ—āϞāϜি āĻ…্āϝাāĻĒাāϰাāϟাāϏে āϏ্āĻĨাāύাāύ্āϤāϰিāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • After synthesis in the RER, the enzymes are transferred to the Golgi apparatus for packaging and modification.
  • āĻ—āϞāϜি āĻ…্āϝাāĻĒাāϰাāϟাāϏ āĻĒāϰিāĻĒাāĻ•āĻ•াāϰী āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏেāϚāĻ• āϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ•াāϰী āĻ­েāϏিāĻ•āϞāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āϞাāχāϏোāϏোāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāĻŖāϤ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The Golgi apparatus forms the vesicles containing the digestive enzymes, which then become lysosomes.
  • āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϟি āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āϝে āϞাāχāϏোāϏোāĻŽেāϰ āĻāύāϜাāχāĻŽāĻ—ুāϞি āϏāĻ িāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ•োāώেāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻ•্āώāϤি āĻ•āϰে āύা।
  • This process ensures that the enzymes within lysosomes can function correctly and do not harm other parts of the cell.
  • Q13) āχāωāϰোāĻĒীāϝ় āύাāϟ্āϝāĻ•āϞাāϰ āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻ•্āϞাāϏিāĻ•্āϝাāϞ āύৃāϤ্āϝেāϰ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϞোāĻ• āĻ“ āωāĻĒāϜাāϤীāϝ় āύৃāϤ্āϝেāϰ āϏংāĻŽিāĻļ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻĢিāωāĻļāύ āφāϰ্āϟ āϤৈāϰিāϤে āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ:
    ________ was well known for creating fusion art by adapting European theatrical techniques to Indian classical dance combined with Indian folk and tribal dance.
    • a) āωāĻĻāϝ় āĻļāĻ™্āĻ•āϰ \ Uday Shankar
    • b) āĻ—ুāϰু āĻŦিāĻĒিāύ āϏিং \ Guru Bipin Singh
    • c) āĻ•েāϞুāϚāϰāĻŖ āĻŽāĻšাāĻĒাāϤ্āϰ \ Kelucharan Mohapatra
    • d) āĻŦীāϰāϜু āĻŽāĻšাāϰাāϜ \ Birju Maharaj
    Answer: a) āωāĻĻāϝ় āĻļāĻ™্āĻ•āϰ \ Uday Shankar
  • āωāĻĻāϝ় āĻļāĻ™্āĻ•āϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āύৃāϤ্āϝāĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻāĻŦং āĻ•োāϰিāĻ“āĻ—্āϰাāĻĢাāϰ, āϝিāύি āĻĢিāωāĻļāύ āύৃāϤ্āϝāϤে āϤাঁāϰ āĻ…āĻ—্āϰāĻŖী āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ।
  • Uday Shankar was a renowned Indian dancer and choreographer, famous for his pioneering work in fusion dance.
  • āϤিāύি āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্āϰীāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϞোāĻ•āύৃāϤ্āϝāĻļৈāϞীāĻ•ে āχāωāϰোāĻĒীāϝ় āύাāϟ্āϝāĻ•āϞাāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŽিāĻļ্āϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āύৃāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āύāϤুāύ āĻļৈāϞী āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϝা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻļāχ 'āĻšিāύ্āĻĻু āĻŦ্āϝাāϞে' āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āωāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒিāϤ āĻšāϤ।
  • He blended Indian classical and folk dance forms with European theatrical techniques to create a new style of modern dance, often presented as 'Hindu ballet'.
  • āϤিāύি āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻŦাāχāϰেāĻ“ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒাāϰāĻĢāϰ্āĻŽ āĻ•āϰāϤেāύ āĻāĻŦং āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āύৃāϤ্āϝāĻ•ে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āϤোāϞেāύ।
  • He performed widely outside of India and helped introduce Indian dance to an international audience.
  • ⧧⧝⧭⧧ āϏাāϞে, āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ­াāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় āϏāϰ্āĻŦোāϚ্āϚ āĻŦেāϏাāĻŽāϰিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽাāύ āĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŽāĻŦিāĻ­ূāώāĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰে।
  • In 1971, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honor, by the Government of India.
  • āϤিāύি āύৃāϤ্āϝāĻļৈāϞীāϰ āϏৃāϜāύāĻļীāϞāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ­িāĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻিāϤেāύ, āϝা āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϧ্āϰুāĻĒāĻĻী āύৃāϤ্āϝ āĻĢāϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻ›িāϞ।
  • He emphasized creativity and expression in his dance style, which set it apart from the rigid rules of traditional Indian classical dance forms.
  • Q14) āϰুāϟিāϰ āĻĢাāϰāĻŽেāύ্āϟেāĻļāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ–াāĻŽিāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏৃāώ্āϟ āϞেāĻ­েāύিং āĻāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻ•োāύāϟি?
    What is the primary gas responsible for the leavening effect in bread when yeast ferments sugars?
    • a) āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāύ āĻĄাāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ \ Carbon dioxide
    • b) āύাāχāϟ্āϰোāϜেāύ \ Nitrogen
    • c) āĻ…āĻ•্āϏিāϜেāύ \ Oxygen
    • d) āĻšেāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ \ Helium
    Answer: a) āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāύ āĻĄাāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ \ Carbon dioxide
  • āϰুāϟিāϰ āϞেāĻ­েāύিং āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦāϟি āϘāϟে āĻĢাāϰāĻŽেāύ্āϟেāĻļāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে, āϝেāĻ–াāύে āχāϏ্āϟ āĻŽāϝ়āĻĻাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĨাāĻ•া āϚিāύি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The leavening effect in bread is caused by the process of fermentation, where yeast consumes sugars present in the dough.
  • āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϝ়, āχāϏ্āϟ āĻ…্āϝাāϞāĻ•োāĻšāϞ (āχāĻĨাāύāϞ) āĻāĻŦং āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāύ āĻĄাāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāĻĒāϜাāϤ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে।
  • During this process, yeast produces carbon dioxide gas and alcohol (ethanol) as byproducts.
  • āĻāχ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻŽāϝ়āĻĻাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āφāϟāĻ•ে āϝাāϝ়, āĻŦুāĻĻāĻŦুāĻĻ āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰে āϝা āϰুāϟিāĻ•ে āĻĢুāϞি⧟ে āϤোāϞে āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟিāĻ•ে āĻšাāϞāĻ•া āĻ“ āĻ›িāĻĻ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āϟেāĻ•্āϏāϚাāϰ āĻĻেāϝ়।
  • This gas gets trapped within the dough, creating bubbles that make the bread rise and give it its light, porous texture.
  • āĻŦেāĻ•িংāϝ়েāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ়, āϰুāϟি āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ…্āϝাāϞāĻ•োāĻšāϞ āĻŦাāώ্āĻĒীāĻ­ূāϤ āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ়, āϤāĻŦে āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāύ āĻĄাāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄ āĻ—্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻŦুāĻĻāĻŦুāĻĻāĻ—ুāϞি āϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āϰুāϟিāϰ āĻ—āĻ āύে āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϝাāϝ়।
  • During baking, the alcohol evaporates from the bread, but the carbon dioxide gas bubbles remain, permanently setting the bread's structure.
  • āĻĢাāϰāĻŽেāύ্āϟেāĻļāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϟি āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āϰুāϟিāϰ āϟেāĻ•্āϏāϚাāϰāχ āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻ•āϰে āύা, āĻŦāϰং āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻāĻŦং āĻ—āύ্āϧāĻ•েāĻ“ āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ•āϰে।
  • The fermentation process not only improves the bread's texture but also enhances its flavor and aroma.
  • Q15) ā§§ā§ŠāĻļ āĻļāϤāĻ•েāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ­েāύেāĻļিāϝ়াāύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāĻ• āϝিāύি āĻ•েāϰাāϞাāϝ় āĻāϏেāĻ›িāϞেāύ, āϤিāύি āĻ•ে?
    Who was the famous Venetian traveller of the 13th century who visited Kerala?
    • a) āφāĻŦāĻĻুāϰ āϰাāϜ্āϜাāĻ• \ Abdur Razzaq
    • b) āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•ো āĻĒোāϞো \ Marco Polo
    • c) āĻŦাāϰāĻĨেāĻŽা \ Barthema
    • d) āύিāĻ•োāϞো āĻ•āύ্āϟি \ Nicolo Conti
    Answer: b) āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•ো āĻĒোāϞো \ Marco Polo
  • āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•ো āĻĒোāϞো āĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ­েāύিāϏীāϝ় āĻŦāĻŖিāĻ• āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ­িāϝাāϤ্āϰী āϝিāύি ā§§ā§ŠāĻļ āĻļāϤাāĻŦ্āĻĻীāϤে āĻāĻļিāϝ়া āϜুāĻĄ়ে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant and explorer who traveled extensively across Asia in the 13th century.
  • āϤিāύি ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāĻ•েāϰ āĻļেāώেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϚীāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āϰাāϟ āĻ•ুāĻŦāϞাāχ āĻ–াāύেāϰ āĻĻāϰāĻŦাāϰে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›াāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় ā§§ā§­ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āϏেāĻ–াāύে āĻ•াāϟাāύ।
  • He reached the court of the Chinese emperor Kublai Khan in the late 1200s and spent nearly 17 years there.
  • āĻĢিāϰে āφāϏাāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϤিāύি āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽ āωāĻĒāĻ•ূāϞেāϰ āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝিāĻ• āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻ•েāϰাāϞা āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻŽিāϞāύাāĻĄ়ু āĻĒāϰিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • On his return journey, he visited the commercial hubs of India's west coast, including Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
  • āĻ•েāϰাāϞা āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϤিāύি āĻ•াāϞিāĻ•āϟ, āĻ•োāϟ্āϟাāϝ়āĻŽ āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āϤাāϰ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖāĻ•াāĻšিāύীāϤে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • During his visit to Kerala, he documented his observations about places like Calicut and Kottayam in his travelogue.
  • āϤাঁāϰ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖāĻ•াāĻšিāύী, āĻĻ্āϝ āϟ্āϰ্āϝাāĻ­েāϞāϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•ো āĻĒোāϞো, āχāωāϰোāĻĒীāϝ়āĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻŽāϧ্āϝ āĻāĻļিāϝ়া āĻāĻŦং āϚীāύেāϰ āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝ, āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻāĻŦং āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāϏূāϤ্āϰ āĻ›িāϞ।
  • His travelogue, The Travels of Marco Polo, was a vital source of information for Europeans about the trade, culture, and geography of Central Asia and China.
  • Q16) āĻ•্āϝাāĻļ āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āϰেāĻļিāĻ“ (CRR) āĻ•ী?
    What is Cash Reserve Ratio?
    • a) āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰী⧟ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āύāĻ—āĻĻ āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a central bank must keep as cash reserves with the bank
    • b) āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰী⧟ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a central bank must keep as cash reserves with the government
    • c) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with any bank
    • d) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰী⧟ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with the central bank
    Answer: d) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰী⧟ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with the central bank
  • a) āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āύāĻ—āĻĻ āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a central bank must keep as cash reserves with the bank
  • b) āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a central bank must keep as cash reserves with the government
  • c) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with any bank
  • d) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with the central bank
  • Answer: d) āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ•āϤ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āφāĻŽাāύāϤ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•ে āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ \ Percentage of deposits that a bank must keep as cash reserves with the central bank

    • āĻ•্āϝাāĻļ āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āϰেāĻļিāĻ“ (CRR) āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦাāϧ্āϝāϤাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āϝা āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻŦāϜাāϝ় āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻšāϝ়।
    • Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is a mandatory reserve that commercial banks are required to maintain.
    • āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ™্āĻ•েāϰ āĻŽোāϟ āφāĻŽাāύāϤেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…ংāĻļ āϝা āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ™্āĻ•েāϰ (āĻ­াāϰāϤে, āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āϰিāϜাāϰ্āĻ­ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ™্āĻ•) āĻ•াāĻ›ে āύāĻ—āĻĻ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϜāĻŽা āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻšā§Ÿ।
    • It is the portion of a bank's total deposits that must be held as cash with the central bank (in India, the Reserve Bank of India).
    • CRR āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻšাāϤিāϝ়াāϰ āϝা āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰীāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύীāϤিāϰ āύāĻ—āĻĻ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰে।
    • CRR is a tool used by the central bank to control liquidity in the economy.
    • āϝāĻ–āύ CRR āĻŦাāĻĄ়াāύো āĻšāϝ়, āϤāĻ–āύ āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ‹āĻŖেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϝা āϏুāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϰ āĻŦাāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻĻেāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰাāϏ্āĻĢীāϤি āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖে āϏāĻšাāϝ়āϤা āĻ•āϰে।
    • When the CRR is increased, commercial banks have less money to lend, which raises interest rates and helps control inflation.
    • āĻ…āύ্āϝāĻĻিāĻ•ে, CRR āĻ•āĻŽাāύো āĻšāϞে āĻŦাāϜাāϰে āύāĻ—āĻĻ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
    • Conversely, lowering the CRR increases the money supply in the market and encourages economic growth.
    • CRR-āĻāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞি āĻ•োāύো āϏুāĻĻ āĻĒাāϝ় āύা। āĻāϟি āϏ্āϟ্āϝাāϚুāϟāϰি āϞিāĻ•ুāχāĻĄিāϟি āϰেāĻļিāĻ“ (SLR) āĻĨেāĻ•ে āφāϞাāĻĻা, āϝেāĻ–াāύে āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āϏিāĻ•িāωāϰিāϟিāϜে āĻŦিāύিāϝ়োāĻ— āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāϝ়।
    • Banks do not earn any interest on the CRR. It is different from the Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR), where banks must invest in government securities.
    Q17) āϏāϰāĻšুāϞ āĻšāϞো āωāĻĒāϜাāϤিāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ•ৃāώি āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦ, āϝা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āĻ•োāύ āϰাāϜ্āϝে āĻĒাāϞিāϤ āĻšāϝ়?
    Sarhul is an agricultural festival of tribals, which is primarily celebrated in the Indian state of ________.
    • a) āωāϤ্āϤāϰাāĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ \ Uttarakhand
    • b) āϏিāĻ•িāĻŽ \ Sikkim
    • c) āĻাāĻĄ়āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ \ Jharkhand
    • d) āĻ—ুāϜāϰাāϟ \ Gujarat
    Answer: c) āĻাāĻĄ়āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄ \ Jharkhand
  • āϏāϰāĻšুāϞ āĻšāϞ āĻাāĻĄ়āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄে āĻŦāϏāĻŦাāϏāĻ•াāϰী āωāĻĒāϜাāϤিāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦ, āϝা āĻŽূāϞāϤ āĻŽুāĻŖ্āĻĄা, āĻ“ঁāϰাāĻ“ āĻāĻŦং āĻšো āωāĻĒāϜাāϤিāϰা āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰে।
  • Sarhul is a significant festival celebrated by the tribal communities of Jharkhand, including the Munda, Oraon, and Ho tribes.
  • āĻāχ āĻ•ৃāώিāĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ• āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦāϟি āĻŦāϏāύ্āϤেāϰ āφāĻ—āĻŽāύেāϰ āĻāĻŦং āύāϤুāύ āĻĢāϏāϞ āϰোāĻĒāĻŖেāϰ āϏূāϚāύা āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āϚৈāϤ্āϰ āĻŽাāϏে āϤিāύ āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āĻĒাāϞিāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • This agricultural festival marks the arrival of spring and the beginning of the new planting season. It is primarily celebrated over three days in the month of Chaitra.
  • āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āĻĒূāϜা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়, āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰে āĻļাāϞ āĻ—াāĻ›েāϰ, āϝা āωāĻĒāϜাāϤি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāϝ়েāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰ āĻŦāϞে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚিāϤ।
  • During the festival, nature is worshipped, particularly the Sal tree, which is considered sacred by the tribal community.
  • ‘āϏāϰāĻšুāϞ’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āφāĻ•্āώāϰিāĻ• āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ 'āĻļাāϞ āĻ—াāĻ›েāϰ āĻĒূāϜা'।
  • The literal meaning of the word 'Sarhul' is 'worship of the Sal tree'.
  • āωāĻĒāϜাāϤিāϰা āĻāχ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ•ে āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāϰ্āĻ— āĻ•āϰে āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻ•āϰে āϝাāϤে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĢāϏāϞ āĻ­াāϞো āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰে āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻ“ āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧি āφāϏে।
  • During this time, the tribals offer prayers to nature for a good harvest and for peace and prosperity in their families.
  • Q18) ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āϏাāϞেāϰ āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰিāϰ āĻŽāϤে, āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϞিāĻ™্āĻ—াāύুāĻĒাāϤ āĻ•āϤ?
    According to Census 2011, what is the sex ratio of India?
    • a) ⧝ā§Ģā§Ļ \ 950
    • b) ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ž \ 998
    • c) ⧝ā§Ēā§Š \ 943
    • d) ā§¯ā§Šā§Š \ 933
    Answer: c) ⧝ā§Ēā§Š \ 943
  • ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āϏাāϞেāϰ āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰি āĻ…āύুāϝাāϝ়ী, āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āϞিāĻ™্āĻ—াāύুāĻĒাāϤ āĻšāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āϜāύ āĻĒুāϰুāώে ⧝ā§Ēā§Š āϜāύ āĻŽāĻšিāϞা।
  • According to the 2011 Census, the sex ratio of India was 943 females per 1000 males.
  • āĻāϟি āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϝ় āύাāϰী-āĻĒুāϰুāώেāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻĒাāϤ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϞিāĻ™্āĻ— āĻ­াāϰāϏাāĻŽ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϏূāϚāĻ•।
  • This ratio indicates the number of females per 1000 males in the population and is a key indicator of gender balance.
  • āĻ—āϤ āĻĻāĻļāĻ• (⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§-⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§) āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāχ āĻ…āύুāĻĒাāϤ āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒেāϝ়েāĻ›ে, āϝা āφāĻ—েāϰ āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰিāϤে ā§¯ā§Šā§Š āĻ›িāϞ।
  • This ratio showed a slight improvement from the previous census (2001-2011), which was 933.
  • āϏāϰ্āĻŦাāϧিāĻ• āϞিāĻ™্āĻ—াāύুāĻĒাāϤ āĻ›িāϞ āĻ•েāϰাāϞাāϰ (ā§§ā§Ļā§Žā§Ē), āφāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦāύিāĻŽ্āύ āĻ›িāϞ āĻšāϰিāϝ়াāύাāϰ (ā§Žā§­ā§¯)।
  • The state with the highest sex ratio was Kerala (1084), while the lowest was Haryana (879).
  • āĻļিāĻļু āϞিāĻ™্āĻ—াāύুāĻĒাāϤ (ā§Ļ-ā§Ŧ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏ) āĻ›িāϞ ⧝⧧⧝, āϝা āĻāĻ•āϟি āωāĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻ—āϜāύāĻ• āĻŦিāώāϝ়।
  • The child sex ratio (0-6 years) was 919, which was a cause for concern.
  • Q19) āĻ•াāϞাāĻŽāύ্āĻĻāϞāĻŽ āĻ•ৃāώ্āĻŖāύ āύাāϝ়āϰ āĻ•োāύ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻ•্āϞাāϏিāĻ•্āϝাāϞ āύৃāϤ্āϝেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϏিāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair was a notable figure in which of the following classical dance forms of India?
    • a) āĻ•াāĻĨāĻ•াāϞী \ Kathakali
    • b) āĻ•ুāϚিāĻĒুāĻĄ়ি \ Kuchipudi
    • c) āĻ­াāϰāϤāύাāϟ্āϝāĻŽ \ Bharatnatyam
    • d) āĻŽāĻšিāύিāϝ়াāϟ্āϟāĻŽ \ Mohiniyattam
    Answer: a) āĻ•াāĻĨāĻ•াāϞী \ Kathakali
  • āĻ•াāϞাāĻŽāύ্āĻĻāϞāĻŽ āĻ•ৃāώ্āĻŖāύ āύাāϝ়āϰ āĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨিāϤāϝāĻļা āĻ•āĻĨাāĻ•āϞি āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী। āϤিāύি āĻ•āĻĨাāĻ•āϞিāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤি āĻāύে āĻĻিāϤে āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair was a renowned master of Kathakali, one of India's classical dance forms. He played a crucial role in bringing the dance form to an international audience.
  • āϤিāύি āϤাāϰ āĻ…āĻ­িāύāϝ় (āĻ…āĻ­িāĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি) āĻāĻŦং āύাāϰী āϚāϰিāϤ্āϰে āĻ…āĻ­িāύāϝ়েāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • He was particularly known for his abhinaya (expressions) and for his skill in portraying female roles.
  • āϤিāύি āĻ•েāϰাāϞা āĻ•াāϞাāĻŽāύ্āĻĻāϞāĻŽ-āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āύিāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰে āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻ—ুāϰু āĻšāϝ়ে āĻ“āĻ েāύ।
  • He trained at Kerala Kalamandalam and later became a leading guru at the institution.
  • ⧧⧝⧭ā§Ļ āϏাāϞে āĻ­াāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϤাāĻ•ে āĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŽāĻļ্āϰী āĻĒুāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰে āĻ­ূāώিāϤ āĻ•āϰে।
  • In 1970, he was honored with the Padma Shri award by the Government of India.
  • āϤাঁāϰ āĻĒাāϰāĻĢāϰāĻŽ্āϝাāύ্āϏāĻ—ুāϞি āĻ—āϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āϚāϰিāϤ্āϰāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰ āφāĻŦেāĻ— āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāύāϏ্āϤাāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦিāĻ• āϜāϟিāϞāϤা āϤুāϞে āϧāϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļংāϏিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ।
  • His performances were praised for their ability to portray the deep emotions and psychological complexities of the story's characters.
  • Q20) ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰিāϰ āϰেāϜিāϏ্āϟ্āϰাāϰ āϜেāύাāϰেāϞ āĻ“ āϏেāύ্āϏাāϏ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻ•ে āĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    Who was the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian Census?
    • a) āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āϜোāĻļি \ Vivek Joshi
    • b) āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻ•ুāĻŽাāϰ āϏিāĻ•্āϰি \ Devender Kumar Sikri
    • c) āϜāϝ়āύ্āϤ āĻ•ুāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦাāύ্āĻĨিāϝ়া \ Jayant Kumar Banthia
    • d) āĻĄ. āϏি āϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻŽৌāϞি \ Dr. C Chandramouli
    Answer: d) āĻĄ. āϏি āϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻŽৌāϞি \ Dr. C Chandramouli
  • āĻĄ. āϏি āϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻŽৌāϞি ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰিāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϰেāϜিāϏ্āϟ্āϰাāϰ āϜেāύাāϰেāϞ āĻāĻŦং āϏেāύ্āϏাāϏ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • Dr. C Chandramouli served as the Registrar General and Census Commissioner during the 2011 Indian Census.
  • āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰি āĻšāϞ āĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāϏ্āϤৃāϤ āĻ—āĻŖāύা āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • The Census of India is a comprehensive count of the nation's population and is conducted every ten years.
  • āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰিāϟি āĻĻুāϟি āϧাāĻĒে āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ: āĻŦাāĻĄ়ি āϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤি āĻāĻŦং āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻ—āĻŖāύা।
  • The census was conducted in two phases: house listing and population enumeration.
  • āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰি āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে, āĻĄ. āϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻŽৌāϞি āĻāχ āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āĻāĻŦং āϜāϟিāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়াāϟি āϏāĻĢāϞāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĻাāϝ়ী āĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • As the Census Commissioner, Dr. Chandramouli was responsible for the successful completion of this massive and complex process.
  • āφāĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāϰি āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞি āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āύীāϤি, āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύা āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāĻļাāϏāύিāĻ• āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।
  • The data from the census is vital for government policies, planning, and administrative decision-making.
  • Q21) āĻšেāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻ•োāύ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϤāϰāϞ āφāĻ•াāϰে āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰিāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে?
    Helium gas can be converted to the liquid form by the _______.
    • a) āĻšাāχāĻĄ্āϰোāϜেāύ āĻŦāύ্āĻĄিং āχāύ্āϟাāϰāĻ…্āϝাāĻ•āĻļāύ \ hydrogen bonding interaction
    • b) āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏেāϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ…্āϝাāϟ্āϰাāĻ•āĻļāύ \ London forces of attraction
    • c) āĻĄিāĻĒোāϞ-āχāύāĻĄিāωāϏāĻĄ āĻĄিāĻĒোāϞ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏেāϏ \ dipole-induced dipole forces of attraction
    • d) āĻĄিāĻĒোāϞ-āĻĄিāĻĒোāϞ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏেāϏ \ dipole-dipole forces of attraction
    Answer: b) āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏেāϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ…্āϝাāϟ্āϰাāĻ•āĻļāύ \ London forces of attraction
  • āĻšিāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻ—্āϝাāϏāĻ•ে āϤāϰāϞ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āύিāĻŽ্āύ āϤাāĻĒāĻŽাāϤ্āϰাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāϜāύ āĻšāϝ় āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāώ্āĻ•্āϰিāϝ় āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŽাāĻŖুāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦāϞ āφāĻ•āϰ্āώāĻŖ āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
  • Helium gas requires extremely low temperatures to be liquefied because it is an inert gas with very weak attractive forces between its atoms.
  • āĻšিāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻĒāϰāĻŽাāĻŖুāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āφāĻ•āϰ্āώāĻŖ āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻšāϞ āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻĄিāϏāĻĒাāϰāĻļāύ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏ (āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏেāϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ…্āϝাāϟ্āϰাāĻ•āĻļāύ)।
  • The only attractive force between helium atoms is the London dispersion force (London forces of attraction).
  • āĻāχ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏāĻ—ুāϞি āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦāϞ āĻ­্āϝাāύ āĻĄাāϰ āĻ“āϝ়াāϞāϏ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏ, āϝা āĻ…-āĻŽেāϰু āĻĒāϰāĻŽাāĻŖু āĻŦা āĻ…āĻŖুāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ…āϏ্āĻĨা⧟ী āĻŦৈāĻĻ্āϝুāϤিāĻ• āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰেāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āϤৈāϰি āĻšāϝ়।
  • These forces are a type of weak Van der Waals force that arise from temporary fluctuations in the electron distribution of non-polar atoms or molecules.
  • āĻāχ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦāϞ āφāĻ•āϰ্āώāĻŖ āĻŦāϞāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ āĻ•āϰে āĻ—্āϝাāϏāĻ•ে āϤāϰāϞ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻ•āĻŽ āϤাāĻĒāĻŽাāϤ্āϰা (āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় ā§Ē.⧍ āĻ•েāϞāĻ­িāύ āĻŦা -⧍ā§Ŧ⧝ āĻĄিāĻ—্āϰি āϏেāϞāϏিāϝ়াāϏ) āĻāĻŦং āωāϚ্āϚ āϚাāĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻ—েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāϜāύ āĻšā§Ÿ।
  • Overcoming these weak attractive forces requires the application of extremely low temperatures (around 4.2 Kelvin or -269 degrees Celsius) and high pressure to convert the gas into liquid form.
  • āĻšিāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻšāϞ āϏāĻŦāϚেāϝ়ে āĻ•āĻ িāύ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āϝা āϤāϰāϞ āĻ•āϰা āϝাāϝ়, āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āϞāύ্āĻĄāύ āĻĄিāϏāĻĒাāϰāĻļāύ āĻĢোāϰ্āϏ āĻ…āύ্āϝ āϏāĻŦ āĻ—্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦāϞ।
  • Helium is the most difficult gas to liquefy because its London dispersion forces are weaker than those of any other gas.
  • Q22) āĻšāϰ্āώāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύেāϰ āĻŦোāύ āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻļ্āϰী āĻŦিāϝ়ে āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ āĻ•ে, āϝিāύি āĻŽāωāĻ–াāϰী āĻŦংāĻļেāϰ āĻ•াāύ্āϝāĻ•ুāĻŦ্āϜেāϰ āϰাāϜা āĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    The sister of Harshavardhana Rajyashri was married to___________, the king of Maukhari dynasty of Kanyakubja.
    • a) āĻ—্āϰাāĻšāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖ \ Grahavarman
    • b) āĻĻেāĻŦāĻ—ুāĻĒ্āϤ \ Devagupta
    • c) āĻļāĻļাāĻ™্āĻ• \ Sasanka
    • d) āψāϏাāύāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖ \ Isanavarman
    Answer: a) āĻ—্āϰাāĻšāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖ \ Grahavarman
  • āĻšāϰ্āώāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύেāϰ āĻŦোāύ āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻļ্āϰী āĻŽāωāĻ–াāϰী āϰাāϜāĻŦংāĻļেāϰ āĻ•াāύ্āϝāĻ•ুāĻŦ্āϜেāϰ āϰাāϜা āĻ—্āϰাāĻšāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖāĻ•ে āĻŦিāϝ়ে āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Harshavardhana's sister, Rajyashri, was married to Grahavarman, the king of Kanyakubja from the Maukhari dynasty.
  • āĻšāϰ্āώāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύেāϰ āĻĒিāϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻ•āϰāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύ, āĻĨাāύেāĻļ্āĻŦāϰেāϰ āĻĒুāώ্āϝāĻ­ূāϤি āϰাāϜāĻŦংāĻļেāϰ āϰাāϜা āĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • Harshavardhana's father, Prabhakaravardhana, was the king of the Pushyabhuti dynasty of Thanesar.
  • āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻļ্āϰী āĻāĻŦং āĻ—্āϰাāĻšāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ›িāϞ āĻĒুāώ্āϝāĻ­ূāϤি āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāωāĻ–াāϰী āϰাāϜāĻŦংāĻļেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϰাāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āϜোāϟ।
  • The marriage of Rajyashri and Grahavarman was a key political alliance between the Pushyabhuti and Maukhari dynasties.
  • āĻĒāϰে, āĻ—্āϰাāĻšāĻŦāϰ্āĻŽāĻŖāĻ•ে āĻŽাāϞāĻŦেāϰ āϰাāϜা āĻĻেāĻŦāĻ—ুāĻĒ্āϤ āĻšāϤ্āϝা āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻļ্āϰীāĻ•ে āĻŦāύ্āĻĻি āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়।
  • Later, Grahavarman was killed by Devagupta, the king of Malwa, and Rajyashri was imprisoned.
  • āĻšāϰ্āώāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύ āϤাāϰ āĻ­াāχ āϰাāϜ্āϝāĻŦāϰ্āϧāύেāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻ•āύৌāϜেāϰ āϏিংāĻšাāϏāύ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻŽ্āϰাāϜ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϏাāϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • After the death of his brother Rajyavardhana, Harshavardhana took over the throne of Kannauj and expanded his empire.
  • Q23) āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ āĻ…āϰāĻŦিāύ্āĻĻ āĻ াāϟে āĻ•োāύ āϘāϰাāύাāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী?
    Pandit Arvind Thatte belongs to which of the following gharanas?
    • a) āχāύ্āĻĻোāϰ āϘāϰাāύা \ Indore gharana
    • b) āĻŽেāĻ“āϝ়াāϟি āϘāϰাāύা \ Mewati gharana
    • c) āφāĻ—্āϰা āϘāϰাāύা \ Agra gharana
    • d) āĻŦāύাāϰāϏ āϘāϰাāύা \ Benaras gharana
    Answer: b) āĻŽেāĻ“āϝ়াāϟি āϘāϰাāύা \ Mewati gharana
  • āĻĒ্āϰāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻšাāϰāĻŽোāύিāϝ়াāĻŽ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ āĻ…āϰāĻŦিāύ্āĻĻ āĻ াāϟে āĻŽেāĻ“āϝ়াāϤি āϘāϰাāύাāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ—āϤ।
  • Renowned harmonium artist Pandit Arvind Thatte belongs to the Mewati Gharana.
  • āĻŽেāĻ“āϝ়াāϤি āϘāϰাāύা āĻšāϞ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্āϰীāϝ় āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϤেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—াāϝ়āĻ•ী (āĻ—াāύেāϰ āĻļৈāϞী), āϝা āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āϤাāϰ āφāĻŦেāĻ—āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āĻ­āĻ•্āϤিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ।
  • The Mewati Gharana is a gayaki (style of singing) in Indian classical music, known for its emotional and devotional renditions.
  • āϤিāύি āĻšাāϰāĻŽোāύিāϝ়াāĻŽেāϰ āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻ•āĻŖ্āĻ āϏāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϤেāĻ“ āĻĒাāϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļী।
  • He is proficient in vocal music as well as the harmonium.
  • āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ āĻ…āϰāĻŦিāύ্āĻĻ āĻ াāϟে āĻāχ āϘāϰাāύাāϰ āĻ•িংāĻŦāĻĻāύ্āϤি āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ āϝāĻļāϰাāϜেāϰ āĻ›াāϤ্āϰ।
  • Pandit Arvind Thatte is a disciple of the legendary Pandit Jasraj from this gharana.
  • āϤাঁāϰ āĻ—ুāϰু āĻĒāĻŖ্āĻĄিāϤ āϝāĻļāϰাāϜ āĻāχ āϘāϰাāύাāĻ•ে āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়ে āύিāϝ়ে āĻ—িāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • His guru, Pandit Jasraj, brought this gharana to international prominence.
  • Q24) ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¨ āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āύেāĻšāϰু āĻ•াāĻĒ āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟে āĻ•োāύ āĻĻāϞ āĻŦিāϜāϝ়ী āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ?
    In the inaugural year of the Nehru Cup event for football in 1982, which team emerged as the winner of the first edition?
    • a) āĻĒোāϞ্āϝাāύ্āĻĄ \ Poland
    • b) āϘাāύা \ Ghana
    • c) āωāϰুāĻ—ুāϝ়ে \ Uruguay
    • d) āĻ…āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāϞিāϝ়া \ Australia
    Answer: c) āωāϰুāĻ—ুāϝ়ে \ Uruguay
  • ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¨ āϏাāϞে āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—েāϰ āĻ•āϞāĻ•াāϤাāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āύেāĻšāϰু āĻ•াāĻĒ āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟ āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
  • The first Nehru Cup football tournament was held in Kolkata, West Bengal, in 1982.
  • āωāĻĻ্āĻŦোāϧāύী āϏংāϏ্āĻ•āϰāĻŖে āωāϰুāĻ—ুāϝ়ে āĻĢাāχāύাāϞে āϚিāύāĻ•ে ⧍-ā§§ āĻ—োāϞে āĻšাāϰিāϝ়ে āĻŦিāϜāϝ়ী āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।
  • In the inaugural edition, Uruguay emerged as the winner, defeating China 2-1 in the final.
  • āύেāĻšāϰু āĻ•াāĻĒ āĻ›িāϞ āĻ­াāϰāϤীāϝ় āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āĻĢেāĻĄাāϰেāĻļāύ āĻ•āϰ্āϤৃāĻ• āφāϝ়োāϜিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āφāĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟ।
  • The Nehru Cup was an international invitational tournament organized by the Indian Football Federation.
  • āĻāχ āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟāϟি āĻ›িāϞ āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āϜāύāĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻĢুāϟāĻŦāϞ āχāĻ­েāύ্āϟ,āϝেāĻ–াāύে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĻāϞ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ।
  • The tournament was one of the most popular football events in India, attracting teams from all over the world.
  • āĻāχ āϟুāϰ্āύাāĻŽেāύ্āϟেāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻ›িāϞ āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻŽাāύেāϰ āĻ–েāϞাāϧুāϞাāĻ•ে āĻ­াāϰāϤে āĻĒ্āϰāϚাāϰ āĻ•āϰা।
  • The purpose of the tournament was to promote international-level sports in India.
  • ⧧⧝⧝⧭ āϏাāϞ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāϟি āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ āĻ…āύুāώ্āĻ িāϤ āĻšāϝ় āĻāĻŦং ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ⧝ āĻ“ ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍ āϏাāϞে āĻāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰুāϜ্āϜীāĻŦāύ āĻšāϝ়।
  • It was held regularly until 1997 and was revived in 2009 and 2012.
  • Q25) ā§§ā§Ļ āĻ…āĻ•্āϟোāĻŦāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϤাāϰিāĻ–ে āϰাāϜ্āϝāϏāĻ­াāϰ āĻĒāĻĻে āĻ•াāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤ āϚেāϝ়াāϰāĻĒাāϰ্āϏāύ āĻ›িāϞেāύ?
    Who among the following is the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha as on 10 October 2023?
    • a) āĻŦীāϰেāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻ•ুāĻŽাāϰ \ Virendra Kumar
    • b) āĻĒিāϝ়ূāώ āĻ—োāϝ়েāϞ \ Piyush Goyal
    • c) āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āϜাāĻ­āĻĻেāĻ•āϰ \ Prakash Javdekar
    • d) āϜāĻ—āĻĻীāĻĒ āϧাāύāĻ•া \ Jagdeep Dhanka
    Answer: d) āϜāĻ—āĻĻীāĻĒ āϧাāύāĻ•া \ Jagdeep Dhanka
  • āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻĒāϤি āĻĒāĻĻাāϧিāĻ•াāϰ āĻŦāϞে āϰাāϜ্āϝāϏāĻ­াāϰ āϚেāϝ়াāϰāĻĒাāϰ্āϏāύ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • The Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
  • ā§§ā§Ļāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϟোāĻŦāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§Š āϤাāϰিāĻ–ে, āϜāĻ—āĻĻীāĻĒ āϧāύāĻ–āĻĄ় āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻĒāϤি āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϜ্āϝāϏāĻ­াāϰ āϚেāϝ়াāϰāĻĒাāϰ্āϏāύ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦে āĻ›িāϞেāύ।
  • As of October 10, 2023, Jagdeep Dhankhar was serving as the Vice-President of India and the Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
  • āϚেāϝ়াāϰāĻĒাāϰ্āϏāύ āϏংāϏāĻĻেāϰ āωāϚ্āϚāĻ•āĻ•্āώেāϰ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāϧাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞা āĻŦāϜাāϝ় āϰাāĻ–াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĻাāϝ়ী āĻĨাāĻ•েāύ।
  • The Chairperson presides over the proceedings of the upper house of Parliament and is responsible for maintaining its decorum.
  • āϤিāύি āωāϚ্āϚāĻ•āĻ•্āώেāϰ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāĻŖাāϞী āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰেāύ, āĻŦিāϤāϰ্āĻ• āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻ•োāύো āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϏāĻŽাāύ āĻ­োāϟ āĻšāϞে āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻ­োāϟ āĻĻিāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύ।
  • He controls the proceedings of the upper house, conducts debates, and can cast a deciding vote in case of a tie.
  • āωāĻĒāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻĒāϤিāϰ āĻĒāĻĻāϚ্āϝুāϤি āĻšāϞে āĻŦা āϤিāύি āĻ…āύুāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āϰাāϜ্āϝāϏāĻ­াāϰ āĻĄেāĻĒুāϟি āϚেāϝ়াāϰāĻĒাāϰ্āϏāύ āϤাāϰ āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰেāύ।
  • In the event of the Vice-President's removal or absence, the Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha assumes the duties.
  • āωāĻĒāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰāĻĒāϤি āϏংāϏāĻĻেāϰ āωāĻ­āϝ় āĻ•āĻ•্āώেāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āχāϞেāĻ•্āϟোāϰাāϞ āĻ•āϞেāϜ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āύিāϰ্āĻŦাāϚিāϤ āĻšāύ।
  • The Vice-President is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament.